Personal Bankruptcy Indiana

As I've emphasized often before in Bankruptcy in Indiana, it's really all about jobs. Whether it's qualifying to file under Chapter 13 bankruptcy law in Indiana, or whether it's getting back on one's financial feet after filing bankruptcy Chapter 7 in Indiana, it comes down to having income to keep the bills paid. That's why it's been so important for me, as a debt consolidation lawyer, to keep my clients and readers updated on the employment situation in our state.

• Ports, I'm learning, are helping a lot.  A new study I read about in Inside Indiana Business suggests that Indiana's three ports contribute $5.4 billion to Indiana's economy each year, accounting for more than 43,500 jobs. To me that says clients will have a better chance to successfully emerge from personal bankruptcy in Indiana.
  
   
• Solar panels are helping, too. Fort Recovery Construction & Equipment is expanding its SolarAg division, creating up to 120 new jobs in the next three years. To me that means clients who've filed small business banakruptcy in Indiana will have a better chance at getting business back on its feet.
   
• Green is good. The Indiana Department of Environmental Management is awarding $500,000 in grants to create hundreds of new "green" jobs. With the "ripple effect" that can have, that could help stop foreclosure in many cases, and help clients make a fresh financial start after filing individual bankruptcy in Indiana.
   
• Parking helps.  Dallas-based ACS will operate Indianapolis' public parking system, and that will create 200 new jobs, according to Mayor Greg Ballard.

While the four Mark Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices are in Indiana's Southern District, including the Columbus bankruptcy lawyers who help serve the entire southern part of the state, I'm always interested in news from every part of the state. As an attorney who's provided Indiana bankruptcy help to tens of thousands of individuals and families, including those filing small business bankruptcy in Indiana, I know how the economy in one part of the state, and even the economy of neighboring states, affects jobs in the Southern District.

As I write this, I also realize that there are two important unknowns when it comes to jobs in Indiana: One has to do with the GM stamping plant in Indianapolis and whether it will remain open, and the second has to do with Navistar phasing down operations in Ft. Wayne. As an Indianapolis bankruptcy attorney, I know many, many jobs are dependent on the outcomes in these two situations. All the Indiana bankruptcy lawyers who are my colleagues are on the alert for news about these two companies.

The overall employment picture is showing signs of recovery; Indiana added 13,000 private sector jobs in July. Mark Everson of the Indiana Department of Workforce Development reported that Hoosiers make up 2% of the U.S, population, yet we captured 9% of all new jobs in the nation in July. To me, what that says is fewer individuals will need payday loan debt help.

Right now, I can tell by the requests I'm getting for payday loan debt help, student loan debt help, and help with mortgage modifications, that we're far, far, from being "out of the woods" when it comes to jobs in Indiana. Still, hopeful employment reports like these cheer me because I know these new jobs will make it possible for more people to make a fresh financial start after emerging from bankruptcy in Indiana! 

 Last week in Bankruptcy in Indiana I shared some thoughts from a new book by an Indiana author called Failure; the Secret to Success, explaining that one of my missions as a debt consolidation lawyer offering bankruptcy services in Indiana is to help debtors focus on the future rather than on their own past failures.

In order to provide the latest Indiana bankruptcy information to clients and readers, I read a lot - newspapers, professional journals, books websites, and even blogs. The interesting thing is that, a day or two after I finished reading the Robby Slaughter book on failure that I mentioned earlier, I found an article from Inc. Magazine, written 12 years ago, with almost the same name as the Slaughter book.. This article tells the story of Jeff Schwartz, whose business, Remarkable Moments, had failed, and it brings out the idea that sometimes a business failure teaches lessons that lead to future success.

As a lawyer for small business bankruptcy in Indiana,  I really related to the opening paragraph of the Inc. article:  "There are three things to know about failure:

1. It happens.
    
2. It can be destructive in ways you've never imagined.
    
3. Believe it or not, there's a right way to do it.
   
   The point of the article is that Jeff Schwartz should have pulled the plug on his business long ago.  He should have dealt with the realities before he had gone three years without a salary, before he'd burned through all his personal savings, before his wife quit the PTA and community activities because of the business' demands, before he raided his children's college funds."

Every one of the Columbus bankruptcy lawyers who works in the Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices has heard stories like this.  Every one of the good bankruptcy attorneys in Indiana who are my colleagues in Anderson, Bloomington, and Indianapolis has  worked with individuals and small business owners who waited too long to file bankruptcy in Indiana, and who lost assets they might have kept had they sought legal advice earlier in the game.

Having helped write the exemptions portion of the new bankruptcy laws of Indiana, I find it particularly sad when I find that, in order to put off facing bankruptcy, small business owners have gone into their retirement plan assets (which are exempt from creditors' claims in bankruptcy in Indiana), and spent money they might have preserved for their family and for their own support in later years.

Whether it comes to filing personal bankruptcy under bankruptcy Chapter 7 in Indiana, Chapter 13 bankruptcy law in Indiana, or whether we're talking about small business bankruptcy in Indiana, I have to agree with two of the three Inc. Magazine statements about failure:

1. Bankruptcy happens.
    
2. Believe it or not, there's a right way to do it.

As far as the remaining statement about failure being destructive, I believe the bankruptcy process - and in particular the process of successfully emerging from bankruptcy can be constructive in ways most people haven't imagined!
 

"My job is to serve as a human shield." is one of the 12 things good bosses believe, according to Robert Sutton as quoted in the Harvard Business Review. Sutton goes on to explain what he means. Good bosses protect their people "from external intrusions, distractions, and idiocy of every type".

As I read the article, I couldn't help thinking that Mark Zuckerberg's job is to serve as a human shield! In fact, I wondered if Sutton, Professor of Management Science and Engineering at Stanford University, wasn't referring to all the good bankruptcy attorneys in Indiana.   It's certainly true that a good portion of our effort in Indiana bankruptcy law goes towards helping clients who have turned to us for Indiana bankruptcy help overcome distractions and focus on a plan of action for the future.

Is bankruptcy Chapter 7 in Indiana the right decision?  Would filing under Chapter 13 bankruptcy laws be more appropriate to the situatioin? Let's focus on getting all the information together to help in the decision process. Let's measure the problem, but focus on the solution, I urge.

Bill Gross, founder of the world's largest bond fund, said a wise thing: "Loss of confidence is perhaps the most dangerous thing. A patient with hope, most doctors will agree, has a better chance of recovery." As I help clients prepare to file individual bankruptcy in Indiana, one of the primary ways I need to serve as a "human shield" is to move my clients' minds away from self-blame and towards hope for the future.. 

I think any debt consolidation lawyer would agree with my message to debtors seeking Indiana bankruptcy help: "Don't blame yourself. Don't blame others in your family. Use the safety net provided by the new bankruptcy laws of Indiana to buy time to plan for the future. Spend your emotional energies fofocused on the chance for the fresh financial start that filing personal bankruptcy in Indiana has to offer."

Do you need help to stop foreclosure? Do you need help understanding how personal bankruptcy in Indiana works?  You're certainly not alone, I explain to debtors who turn to me for help. I have worked with literally tens of thousands of individuals, I explain.  I understand you never thought you'd be here, I say, but here you are. Let the new bankruptcy laws in Indiana go to work to help you make a fresh start.

Meanwhile, I say, let's get your mind off the distractions and get you ready to make good, informed decisions about your financial future.

• payday lenders
• high-fee debt settlement agencies
• credit repair and foreclosure prevention services.

Whether or not filing individual bankruptcy in Indiana is the recommended course of action in any one person's case, or whether small business bankruptcy in Indiana should be filed as well, our mission is to help debtors understand their options and be shielded from distractions of bill collectors' calls and letters.

Looking back on all the many years I have worked alongside my colleagues as a debt consolidation lawyer, and on all the lectures I've given for ongoing education to other bankruptcy attorneys in Indiana, I cannot think of a better description for the work we do than "human shields"!

As a longtime bankruptcy attorney and debt consolidation lawyer in Indiana, I'm keenly aware of the tie-in between bankruptcy and jobs.  Every one of the Anderson, Indianapolis, Bloomington, and Columbus bankruptcy lawyers who work in the Mark Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices is seeing people who need help because they lost jobs.  Income from jobs - or lack of it -  is high on the list of discussion topics when we're talking to clients about filing bankruptcy in Indiana, that's for sure.

Last week, though, a statistic was released by the Equal Employment Opportunities Commission that showed me that, for some people, losing a job can be even more tragic than for others.  According to USA Today, "More people with disabilities filed charges of discrimination against their employers last year than at any time in the 20-year history of the Americans With Disabilities Act."

Nicholas LaRocca of the National Multiple Sclerosis Society thinks people with disabilities may be seen as less productive, and, in a recession, are more likely to be let go. That means an increase in the number of people who need to file individual bankruptcy in Indiana, and increase in people needing payday loan debt help, student loan debt help, and even help with mortgage modification.

When it comes to qualifying under Chapter 13 bankruptcy law in Indiana, debtors must show they have enough income to make debt repayments under a three to five year plan.  At least if Mr. LaRocca's impression is correct, finding new work might be doubly hard for disabled debtors. Even under Chapter 7 bankruptcy in Indiana, debtors need income in order to emerge from bankruptcy and get back to keeping their bills paid. While filing personal bankruptcy in Indiana can provide relief from creditors, income from jobs is a key ingredient if a new financial start is to be the result.

As I read this USA Today article, I was reminded that disabled individuals that were downsized obviously were able to work, which means they would probably not qualify for social security disability payments.  What's more, I realized (as a seasoned Indiana lawyer for bankruptcy used to dealing with debt problems), in many cases, the disabled need to pay for medical equipment and supplies.  Many are not in a position to purchase COBRA health insurance.

In my Bankruptcy in Indiana articles, I've often stressed how crucial it is to seek legal advice at the first sign of financial difficulty.  For all the reasons listed above, that goes double for disabled workers who are laid off.  The new bankruptcy laws of Indiana are there to provide a safety net, and it's important for laid off workers to be proactive about using that safety net. 

While I feel  doubly sad for the disabled who've been dealt a "double whammy" by losing their jobs, I feel doubly proud to serve in the profession of Indiana bankruptcy law whose mission it is to provide help and hope to debtors.

Back almost three years ago, one of the good bankruptcy attorneys in the Indiana Zuckerberg bankruptcy law office made a remark that I quoted in Bankruptcy in Indiana. That remark is truer today than ever: "No one can work in this field of bankruptcy law," she said, "without thinking every day, 'There, but for the grace of God, go I.'"

In fact, as a debt consolidation lawyer offering bankruptcy services in Indiana for more than twenty years, one of my missions is to help Indiana bankruptcy clients focus on the future rather than on their own past failures.  Two of the top 15 myths about bankruptcy in Indiana have to do with failure:

• Filing bankruptcy means you're a bad person
   
• Only deadbeats file bankruptcy

"Failure often educates us by showing us what must be done," says Slaughter. I discussed the book with my colleagues the Columbus bankruptcy lawyers who work in the Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices.  We agreed that, if clients who file under Chapter 13 bankruptcy laws in Indiana are to  successfully emerge from that bankruptcy after three to five years of making debt repayments, they need to have learned how to operate their finances using better money management principles.  The "failure" will indeed have provided an opportunity for growth, and filing bankruptcy in Indiana will turn out to offer them a fresh financial start.

One of the most important aspects of my work providing Indiana bankruptcy help is "forward focus".  One of my favorite chapters in the book was about Abraham Lincoln.  Lincoln had lost a fiancé and three of his children to death, had a failed business, and had trouble finding a job.  In fact Abe Lincoln had his possessions seized as part of frontier bankruptcy proceedings! Despite (Slaughter suggests it's because of ) all these failures, Lincoln went on to become an American hero and president of our nation.

Bankruptcy, as I've written so often in these Bankruptcy in Indiana articles, is not an end, but a beginning.  If it's a failure at all, bankruptcy can be a bridge to a future of success.

Every story of bankruptcy in Indiana has a chapter about jobs and a chapter about health, and some have both. 

To hear the Columbus bankruptcy lawyers and the attorneys in the Anderson, Bloomington, and Indianapolis Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices tell it, a good number of the people who seek our help filing for protection under the new bankruptcy laws of Indiana just want harassing medical collections calls to stop!  Those people may have been victims of a job layoff and lost their insurance coverage, but the collection agencies' efforts can be unrelenting.  Medical bills are one of the top three causes of bankruptcy, and are making up an even bigger share in recent years.

As a debt consolidation lawyer offering bankruptcy services in Indiana, I'm all too aware of the role rising medical costs are playing in bankruptcy.  Meanwhile, of course, those costs continue to rise even more.

I just finished reading a fascinating book named Five Patients, written by Michael Crichton (author of Jurassic Park). This book, a history of hospital medicine in the U.S., was written back in 1970, forty years ago!  Change the numbers, though, and it could be about our situation today! Here are some quotes along with my comments:

"The cost of hospitalization has skyrocketed.  The average patient today (1970) pays per hour what the average patient paid per day in 1925!"

How that relates to personal bankruptcy in Indiana: Medical debt is unsecured debt, dischargeable through bankruptcy.  In fact, hospital costs are one of the main forms of debt for which Hoosiers seek bankruptcy relief. 

"Hospitalization costs have increased much more rapidly than other goods and services in the economy."

As a lawyer for individual bankruptcy in Indiana (as well as for small business bankruptcy in Indiana), I'm continually seeing the effects of this medical cost spiral.  The profitability of small businesses and their ability to hire is impacted.

Michael Crichton writes about five patients, using their stories to illustrate the development of medicine as practiced in U.S. hospitals.  I couldn't help thinking that, in the four Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices, we could find upwards of five thousand stories about clients to whom we've offered Indiana bankruptcy help because of crippling medical costs!.
 

As a debt consolidation lawyer and Indiana lawyer for bankruptcy, I wear quite a number of different hats in the course of my work.  Almost always, though, helping clients file personal bankruptcy in Indiana comes around to preparing for "meetings" and "tests".

When I say "meetings, I mean the creditors' meeting which takes place within 20 to 40 days of the time a bankruptcy in Indiana is filed.  The meeting is presided over by a trustee appointed by the bankruptcy court, either in an office or a room in the courthouse.  All the creditors to whom the debtor owes money are invited. (In reality, it's rare for creditors to actually show up at the meeting.)  You attend this meeting along with your Indiana bankruptcy attorney.  The whole idea is to give the creditors a chance to ask questions about the bankruptcy paperwork you've turned in.  While the creditors may or may not choose to attend the meeting, the debtor must attend.

Any discussion about what debtors can reasonably be expected to pay towards their debt comes down to the "test", meaning the Indiana means test. This is the measure the bankruptcy court uses to determine of someone's eligible to file bankruptcy in Indiana, and to decide if Chapter 7 bankruptcy is available to them, or whether they need to file under Chapter 13 bankruptcy law in Indiana. 

As an Indiana lawyer for bankruptcy, then, I'm always working with the numbers.  Where do the number standards come from?  First of all, they are national standards, sometimes adjusted for regional differences, and they originate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' Consumer Expenditure Survey.  Periodically, of course, those numbers are adjusted for inflation. The numbers are stated in terms of number of people in the family.  There are specific numbers for a one-person household, a two, a three, or a four-person household, and then an amount to be added for each additional person over four.

You might say that one of the main tasks that I and my colleagues in the four Mark Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices have in the course of our work is numbers.  We help gather numbers, we need to know the current laws concerning those numbers, and then, using the numbers, we prepare the paperwork which categorizes and analyzes those numbers for each client.  In fact, one of the Columbus bankruptcy lawyers from my office there pointed out that, even if clients aren't filing bankruptcy in Indiana, and we're negotiating with their mortgage companies to help stop foreclosure, or maybe we're offering payday loan help, it's still all in the numbers.

After more than two decades of being an Indianapolis bankruptcy attorney, I agree and disagree.  Yes, "The Meeting "and "The Test" involve numbers.  All of our work involves numbers.  What's it's really all about, for me, though is not the numbers, but the people.  Our greatest satisfaction comes from turning what look like negative numbers into a positive - the chance for a fresh financial start for real people in Indiana!

Even though I'm an Indiana lawyer for bankruptcy, it often happens that clients come to talk with me who are far from certain that filing bankruptcy in Indiana is the best thing for them.  Sometimes, people just want my advice as a debt consolidation lawyer.  Or perhaps they want my help to stop foreclosure on their home.

Needless to say, the subject of just how bankruptcy in Indiana works comes up in the discussion, and invariably that comes around to the Indiana means test.  The means test is a standard by which the court determines if someone is eligible to file bankruptcy in Indiana, and which type of bankruptcy they qualify for.

As part of providing Indiana bankruptcy information, I explain that, if your income is less than the median income earned by Indiana residents during the last six months, you could probably qualify to file either Chapter 7 bankruptcy, or you could file under the new Chapter 13 bankruptcy laws of Indiana.  If your income is less than the median, on the other hand, Chapter 13 could be your only option.

Once I've explained the means test to my clients, my next step as a bankruptcy attorney in Indiana is to explain that federal law actually sets standards for each kind of expense.  There are allowable amounts that people who file bankruptcy in Indiana are allowed to keep for their own use, to support themselves and their families, before they're expected to make debt repayments.  For example, one reader asked about his family of six, and was told that the allowance would be around $1900 a month for food, housekeeping supplies, apparel and services, personal care products and services, and miscellaneous.

Well, there's an allowance for car expenses as well, which include lease payments or car payments, gasoline, and maintenance.  In the Midwest region, for example, the monthly vehicle allowance is $210 for one car, $420 for two.

One of the Columbus bankruptcy lawyers from the Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices there brought an interesting case to my attention.  In this court case, debtors had filed Chapter 13 bankruptcy and had claimed a vehicle allowance as part of their allowable expenses.  The thing was, though, they both owned their cars free and clear.  The question before the court, then, was - could they still claim the car expense allowance and use the money for other expenses?

The court's answer was, very simply "yes".  These two debtors had no monthly car loan to pay or lease obligation, either prior to filing bankruptcy or now, but they were allowed to claim an allowance for avehicle expense anyway!

Goes back to what I was saying yesterday - all's fair in bankruptcy!
 

It's true, and it always has been - the attempt to treat all parties fairly under bankruptcy law. I've watched the evolution of the bankruptcy laws of Indiana over the almost 25 years I've been a debt consolidation lawyer.  In fact, I helped write a portion of the new bankruptcy laws of Indiana.  The guiding principle behind federal bankruptcy law as well as Chapter 7 and Chapter 13 bankruptcy law in Indiana, is fairness, and the same is true of small business bankruptcy law in Indiana.

Does everybody win, then, in bankruptcy? Of course not. The bankruptcy court system is designed as a safety net to be used when honest debtors become so overwhelmed by negative circumstances beyond their control, that they need to be given the chance for a fresh financial start.

The Indiana lawyers for bankruptcy who wok in the Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices in Anderson, Bloomington, and Indianapolis, along with the Columbus bankruptcy lawyers in my offices there all deal in personal bankruptcy in Indiana.  In my case, I offer small business bankruptcy help along with personal bankruptcy help in Indiana.  None of us handles big corporations who file bankruptcy.

Still, a good example of fairness can be a publicly held business that files for bankruptcy.  Who gets treated how?  Creditors get paid first (for example banks who lent money to the company).  Bond holders are secured creditors, and they come before the stock holders.  Stock owners may lose all or part of the money they invested - they are last to get paid in a bankruptcy.  In fact, usually the stock of a Chapter 7 bankruptcy corporation has no value.

What I want to bring out here is that, in any bankruptcy, creditors stand to lose at least some money. On the other hand, the bankruptcy system is set up to treat creditors as equally and as fairly as possible.  I can tell you that, over the almost 25 years I've been in bankruptcy courts for creditors' meetings.  The creditors have the right to question the debtor and to look over the bankruptcy statement of assets, income, and expense that I've helped prepare for the occasion.  If creditor feel unfairly treated, they have a chance to put forth arguments during that hearing.

Bankruptcy is no win-win OR a lose-lose.  It's a series of compromises.  The idea is for all parties to "win" as much as possible within a bad situation.

Offering payday loan debt help is a big part of my work as a debt consolidation lawyer providing bankruptcy services in Indiana, and I was very glad to read about a Federal Trade Commission crackdown on one payday loan operation (Consumer Bankruptcy News, May 6, 2010).

When people are undergoing financial troubles, one of their biggest concerns, I've found, is the possibility their wages will be garnished.  Under the new bankruptcy laws of Indiana, as is true under federal law, employers must obey court orders to garnish an employee's wages.  The only time a creditor can garnish wages without having a court order is if the creditor is a federal agency.

All of the Anderson, Bloomington, Indianapolis, and Columbus bankruptcy lawyers who work in the Mark Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices, like myself, are used to helping clients prevent, or at least put a halt to, wage garnishment through bankruptcy's automatic stay.  The automatic stay is a court order that goes into effect as soon as someone files personal bankruptcy in Indiana.

The reason the FTC has charged at least a couple of online payday loan operations with illegally attempting to garnish debtors' wages is that they did not obtain court orders.  The lenders were essentially passing themselves off as having the same collection rights as the government.

After almost twenty five years as an Indiana lawyer for bankruptcy, I've seen my share of abusive payday loan practices.  As a special alert to all my Indiana bankruptcy clients and readers, the payday loan companies named in the FTC suit are Eastbrook, LLC (also doing business as Ecash and GeteCash) and LoanPoint, LLC.

In writing about bankruptcy matters over the past three years, I've made no secret of the fact that I do not like payday lending. While the state of Indiana has put some protections in pace, I wish we would follow the footsteps of the fifteen states who have banned the practice altogether.  While no one likes the thought of bankruptcy, at least bankruptcy offers a chance at a new start.  Payday lending offers nothing but a chance to pay loan interest averaging 391% to 500% a year!

 

This week I've been using my Bankruptcy in Indiana articles to highlight court decisions from other states in order to teach how individual bankruptcy in Indiana works. As a debt consolidation lawyer offering bankruptcy services in Indiana, I've helped tens of thousands of individuals file personal bankruptcy in Indiana.  Despite these large numbers, the fascinating thing is, each situation is a little different from all the others. 

Sometimes the clients who come to me for help (or who turn for help to one of the Anderson, Indianapolis, Bloomington, or Columbus bankruptcy lawyers who work in the Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices) have made good decisions.  Yet circumstances beyond their control (usually some combination of illness, job loss, and divorce) caused their financial problems to become overwhelming. 

Other clients, even with all good intentions, are suffering the results of poor decisions they've made.  A Chapter 7 bankruptcy case from North Carolina illustrates how the court looks at decisions Chapter 7 debtors make leading up to the time they file bankruptcy.
 

• In 2006, husband and wife R. and K. listed their home for sale after signing a contract for a new home.
   
• For 15 months, R. and K. owned two houses, unable to sell their former residence.
   
• In June 2008, R. and K. sold their first home in a short sale.
   
• A month later, the couple purchased a Disney Vacation timeshare.
   
• In July, 2009, R. and K. purchased two cars at a combined price of almost $70,000.  (Their monthly car payment actually went down as a result of the process.)
   
• R. and K. filed Chapter 7 bankruptcy.
   
• The bankruptcy court rejected their petition.  The reasoning: The couple had shown bad faith in purchasing, on the eve of bankruptcy, two expensive vehicles.  They also did not, the court ruled, need such an expensive home.  R. and K., the court ruled, could afford to repay their creditors if they moved to more affordable housing and drove less expensive cars.
   
• The court recommended that R. and K. convert to a Chapter 13 debt repayment plan bankruptcy.

Whenever I'm helping clients through the bankruptcy process, I help steer them through a long list of "to-do's" that need to be completed before actually filing a bankruptcy petition.  I also explain that there's an equally long list of "not-to-do's". As a long time lawyer for bankruptcy in Indiana, I know one thing:

It can be very important not only to do the right things before bankruptcy in Indiana, but to do them in the right order!

 

Learning about decisions handed down in bankruptcy courts in other states, I've found, helps my Indiana bankruptcy clients and blog readers better understand how the new bankruptcy laws in Indiana work. I chose today's case study from the Illinois bankruptcy court for two reasons:

1. It involves a car, and a very big part of my work as an Indiana lawyer for bankruptcy, as well as my work as a debt consolidation lawyer, is about keeping cars from being repossessed.

2. It demonstrates bankruptcy's automatic stay in action.
 

Here are the details of the Illinois case:

• I. filed Chapter 13 bankruptcy on May 29, 2009.
   
• At the time, I. owned a car worth $3,700 on which she owed $9,200 to lender AG.
   
• On June 15, AG received notice of I.'s bankruptcy filing.
   
• On June 21, AG repossessed I's car anyway.
   
• For two days, I. could not work and was without her personal possessions that had been inside her car.
   
• The bankruptcy court agreed that the creditor had violated the automatic stay, and ordered AG to pay:
  
          a) Money to I. for her missed work pay

                  b) Money to I. for her frustration and inconvenience

                  c) Punitive damages to I.

                  d) $1,500 in attorney's fees to I's lawyer.

Under the new bankruptcy laws of Indiana, you are allowed to keep your car, provided:

• You file Chapter 13 bankruptcy
   
• You absolutely need the car
   
• You can afford to make the debt repayment plan payments to the lender
   
• You address your problems with the lender before missing any car payments.  

As happened in I's case in Illinois, there are ways that I, along with my colleagues the Anderson, Bloomington, Indianapolis, or Columbus bankruptcy lawyers who work in the Mark Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices are able to help clients recover their cars even after repossession, but once the car has been taken, matters become much more complicated.

What bankruptcy can do is to enforce the automatic stay, putting a halt on collection efforts and harassment, giving you time to work out a plan of action. As we saw in the Illinois case, the automatic stay really does mean "Stay! Stop collections!  Stop phone calls! Stop repossession efforts!"  The automatic asks creditors: "What don't you understand about the word "STOP!"?

 

As you might imagine, a debt consolidation lawyer like me who offers bankruptcy information in Indiana needs to read a lot, and I certainly do.  In addition to newspapers, magazines, and professional journals on financial planning and tax law, I need to know what decisions are being handed down in bankruptcy courts in Indiana and other states.  That helps me stay up-to-date, so I can help my clients file individual bankruptcy in Indiana.

Whenever a personal bankruptcy in Indiana happens at or near the same time as a divorce, things can quickly become even more complicated.  Now we're dealing with two sets of laws: the new bankruptcy laws of Indiana, and Indiana divorce law.  A recent court case from Pennsylvania serves as a good example of what can happen when divorce and bankruptcy laws mix:

• P. received an "income maintenance award" of $88,500 as part of her divorce decree.
   
• P. had trouble keep up with her mortgage and other bills, so she filed Chapter 13 bankruptcy.
   
• P,'s bankruptcy attorney claimed that the maintenance award money was exempt from creditor's claims.
   
• One creditor challenged this, saying the money should go towards paying P.'s debts.
   
• The question was debated in court, with the final ruling being that P. was allowed to keep the money.
   
• The reasoning: The $88,500 was "not a division of property".  Instead, the award was intended to allow P. to maintain food, housing, and transportion during the transition period following the divorce. (Alimony is exempt from creditors in bankruptcy.)

Ask any of the bankruptcy lawyers in Columbus, Anderson, Bloomington, or Indianapolis who work in the Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices - we've all had client cases where there seemed to be conflicts between divorce law and the new bankruptcy laws of Indiana. One lesson we've all learned is this:

If you're filing personal bankruptcy in Indiana and are also involved in a divorce, it's crucial for your divorce attorney and your Indiana bankruptcy lawyer to coordinate their efforts on your behalf.

Divorce and bankruptcy don't mix easily, but real life being what it is, the two often do mix! Having both attorneys on the "same page" may mean a much better outcome for all concerned!

It's interesting how stories I covered in Bankruptcy in Indiana are surfacing once again.  Yesterday I wrote about Michael Vick and the new developments with his case since he filed individual bankruptcy two years ago.  Vick, of course, is not at all typical of the everyday working folks whom I help file personal bankruptcy in Indiana.  As a debt consolidation lawyer who offers bankruptcy information in Indiana, though, I used the Vick case to illustrate how a bankruptcy trustee supervises the whole process until the debtor emerges from bankruptcy.

Another celebrity about whom I wrote is actor Nicolas Cage, who filed bankruptcy last year, also in another state far away from where I offer Indiana bankruptcy help. Last winter, when I first began to discuss the Cage bankruptcy with the Anderson, Bloomington, Indianapolis, and Columbus bankruptcy lawyers in the Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices, Cage had already lost four of the homes he owned to foreclosure. Since so many of our clients turn to us to help stop foreclosure on their homes, that celebrity story was a way for me to illustrate how filing individual bankruptcy in Indiana can sometimes help stop foreclosure.

Well, just a couple of weeks ago, I heard news about Nicolas Cage's properties again.  His Las Vegas mansion (owned by the mortgage lender after the foreclosure) has just been sold.  So, why was filing bankruptcy not effective in preventing foreclosure in Cage's case?

First, remember we're talking about multi-million dollar properties, so that may have been a factor.  But Nicolas Cage also owed multi-million dollar tax debts.  In 2002, 2004, and 2007, he failed to pay his income taxes, and so the IRS filed liens against his real estate.  As a longtime bankruptcy attorney in Indiana, I need to point out that one of the big myths about bankruptcy is that it is totally ineffective when it comes to taxes.  That's not true at all. In the four Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices, we get rid of old income tax bills for clients all the time. In fact, one of the big bankruptcy services in Indiana I've been able to provide is in the area of back taxes for personal bankruptcy and for small business bankruptcy in Indiana.

The thing about taxes, though (and the law is different in different states) is that income taxes more than three years old qualify for forgiveness under the bankruptcy laws of Indiana. Cage claimed he was given bad financial planning and tax planning advice.  Some sources claimed he spent too lavishly, and that ultimately led to the foreclosures and the bankruptcy.

Could Cage have saved his home through bankruptcy?  Maybe.  The main thing to keep in mind is that it's crucial, at the very first signs of financial trouble, to get expert legal advice!

 

Michael Vick is a nationally known name, a former (and some say still) football hero. As a longtime Indianapolis bankruptcy attorney, I've helped more than 30,000 debtors file personal bankruptcy in Indiana, in some cases coupled with small business bankruptcy in Indiana.  But all the cases handled through the four Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices involve the debts of ordinary working people, not celebrities.

My reason for featuring, just two years ago, the story of Michael Vick filing Chapter 11 bankruptcy was to illustrate the principles underlying the bankruptcy process. As a debt consolidation lawyer offering bankruptcy services in Indiana, I found it interesting that Vick's bankruptcy was filed by his attorney while Vick himself was serving time in a Kansas penitentiary, after being convicted of bankrolling illegal dogfights.

All the good bankruptcy attorneys in Indiana who work in the Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices would agree with the statement made by Vick's attorney: "This bankruptcy will give Michael Vick the opportunity, when he gets out, to start his life fresh."  In fact, that is the whole purpose underlying the bankruptcy laws of Indiana - to offer the chance for a fresh financial start in life!

Now, a year and a half later, I'm beginning to hear about Michael Vick again.  One of the Columbus bankruptcy lawyers in my offices there is a big golf fan, and called my attention to the fact that Vick failed to attend the Michael Vick Celebrity Golf Tournament in Georgia.  He also missed appearing at a youth football camp in South Carolina. Why? Vick's probation officer wouldn't give the approval for him to travel.  At Vick's 30th birthday party, one of his co-defendants in the dog fighting case had been there.  Vick is not allowed to associate with anyone who's been convicted of a felony. (There was a shooting at the party and that's how the police became involved.)

Vick, originally with the Falcons, is now part of the Eagles team.  As a bankruptcy lawyer in Indiana, I'm interested in a new development in the bankruptcy that relates to the team.  A complaint has been filed by the bankruptcy trustee, saying that, because Vick was careless about his behavior, knowing he was jeopardizing his lucrative job with the team, he does not deserve special consideration.  Therefore, the court wants relatives and friends to whom he gave money in the months before the bankruptcy to give that money back.  Why is this important for me to share with you, especially in light of the fact that bankruptcy law in Indiana is different from bankruptcy law in other states?

I need to make clear that, no matter in which state court the bankruptcy is filed, debtors need to behave responsibly in order to deserve the fresh start they're being given through the bankruptcy process..

One of the big recurring themes of Bankruptcy in Indiana is based on an old country song - "Looking for Love in All the Wrong Places".  As a debt consolidation lawyer offering bankruptcy services in Indiana for close to 25 years, I see people looking for financial help in all the wrong places.  People with serious debt problems obviously need help, but with late fees and penalties piling up and creditors calling them at work and at home, time is of the essence. The theme I keep emphasizing is how crucial it is to get expert legal advice quickly.  Whether of not filing individual bankruptcy in Indiana is the recommended course of action, an experienced bankruptcy attorney in Indiana can help debtors understand their options, select a course of action, and get started on a plan before the situation escalates and is out of control.

While I would never imply that there is one solution that fits all debtors, here is a list of the kinds of help that often turns out to be from the "wrong places":

Credit repair services.
The Federal Trade Commission has started to crack down on many companies promising "credit repair", telling debtors that their debt can be cut in half, or that they can remove bankruptcy, slow pay history, repossessions, and collections, from their credit report. In many cases, debtors allow the credit repair services to deduct money from their bank accounts, and then no services were ever provided!

Foreclosure prevention services.
Scammers often collect upfront fees from homeowners, promising to negotiate with mortgage lenders on their account. The Indiana Attorney General has issued warnings about this very type of scam.  As a longtime bankruptcy attorney in Indiana, I can tell you for sure: No one can guarantee that your lender will be willing to change your mortgage terms.  If you would like help negotiating a mortgage modification, at all four Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices, we offer no-cost, no-fee, no-obligation discussion of foreclosure prevention options.

The sad truth is that many people put off the idea of filing personal bankruptcy in Indiana by looking for help in all the wrong places! 

It's been almost three years since I began Bankruptcy in Indiana. As a debt consolidation lawyer offering bankruptcy services in Indiana, I wanted to create a source of information.  I wanted to debunk some of the common myths about bankruptcy in Indiana.  And now, after close to 750 articles, I realized the comments and questions I've been getting from readers and clients keep coming back to a small number of recurring themes.

Yesterday, I summed up my thoughts on one theme, which has to do with attitudes towards bankruptcy and how false it is to assume that someone who files personal bankruptcy in Indiana is a financially irresponsible person and a "deadbeat".

With that topic handled, I want to talk about a second recurring theme, which has to do with divorce and how it relates to individual bankruptcy in Indiana, and even sometimes to small business bankruptcy in Indiana. The myth that comes up over and over again is that bankruptcy leads to divorce.  Just like the concept of bankruptcy in Indiana meaning "deadbeat", this concern about divorce is simply not borne out by the facts.  The reason, though, that divorce looms large in people's fears when it comes to bankruptcy is pretty simple to understand.  Everybody senses that tensions are not a good thing for a marriage, and money-related tensions always seems to lead to mutual blaming and to arguments.  But despite all that, after almost 25 years of experience as an Indiana bankruptcy attorney, I can tell you that bankruptcy almost never, in itself, causes divorce.  In fact, in my experience (and all the good bankruptcy attorneys in Indiana who are my colleagues in the four Mark Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices around the state can bear this out), things usually work the other way around!

As one of the Columbus bankruptcy lawyers who's my colleague in that town put it, "Bankruptcy relieves stress, and that's good for a marriage."  It's pretty simple.  When a couple stops arguing and blaming each other and, with the help of a qualified professional in Indiana bankruptcy law, makes a plan and then works the plan - that helps everybody and serves to strengthen the marriage. In essence (and this is really the "theme" I keep returning to), bankruptcy IS just that - a plan.  Plan always trumps worry.  Action always trumps worry.

 

When you're writing about a topic or teaching something in "installments" over a long period of time, what happens is you develop themes. Even though I've been a debt consolidation lawyer offering bankruptcy services in Indiana for more than twenty years, this whole "theme thing" came up only when I began writing Bankruptcy in Indiana five days a week over the past three years. You see, even though, counting the articles I've had printed in Indy's Child and other publications, there've been more than 750 different articles, they're all different. Yet they all relate in some way to Indiana bankruptcy help. 

I was sort of musing about this the other day, realizing that, over the past three years:

• The laws have been changing all along. (As just one example, the amount of income a debtor is allowed to keep for his or her own use keeps going up with inflation.)
   
• Different court cases have been changing the way the laws are interpreted.
   
• Many large corporations have filed bankruptcy, with some going totally out of business.  (This has had a "ripple effect" on small business bankruptcy in Indiana, not to mention on workers and consumers.)
   
• The economy has undergone a major struggle, causing many job losses.
   
• The housing market has been in a severe downturn, causing many foreclosures. A much bigger part of my work now relates to negotiating mortgage modifications and using Chapter 13 bankruptcy law in Indiana to help stop foreclosure.
   
• We've been in wars all through this period of time, which has made working with military benefits important to my work

If I wanted to continue this list for another page or two, I could. Along with the Anderson, Indianapolis, Bloomington, and Columbus bankruptcy lawyers who work in the four Mark Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices , there's been no shortage of work, that's for sure, and no lack of things for me to write about during these past three years. 

But what I realized is that I have a set of ideas that I think are important for people to know and understand when in comes to bankruptcy in Indiana.  Without planning for it, these ideas have kept cropping up in my mind and in my articles writing, and that's what I mean when I say I have "themes".

So, for the next couple of days, at least, I've decided to offer "theme reviews". That way, whether you just know someone who really needs to explore filing personal bankruptcy in Indiana, or whether it's you that needs a better understanding of how bankruptcy works, it'll be these key ideas that rise to the forefront.

If I could get across just one theme about bankruptcy, it would be this:

Filing bankruptcy in Indiana does not mean you're a deadbeat.  It doesn't mean - at least not in the majority of cases I've been seeing - you were irresponsible with your money.  It doesn't mean you don't know how to run a business.  So, what does it mean?
 

• Bankruptcy became the only viable choice when circumstances got beyond your (really anyone"s) ability to control them.  Usually, the stories I hear in my Indianapolis bankruptcy law office are about a combination of job loss, family medical expenses, and perhaps divorce.
   
• You're a parent and you did all you could to help your adult children who had lost jobs and who were fighting medical setbacks.
   
• You're the adult child upon whom an aging or an ill parent depended and you just couldn't handle hanging on to the job and handling those responsibilities and make the financial situation work at the same time.
   
• Your small business was caught in the "ripple effect" when your biggest buyer went bankrupt.

The theme, then, (and it's carried through for me from my very first article) is that bankruptcy is a safety net.  You hope you won't ever have to make use of it, but you're glad it's there.  You're not a loser, but you need help getting back to being a winner.  That's where you'll find Mark Zuckerberg, at the junction of debt and debt-in-check, extending Indiana bankruptcy help.
 

As I continue to provide news relating to employment and bankruptcy here is my Bankruptcy in Indiana series, I'm constantly on the alert not only for news items about jobs, but also about groundbreaking court cases that can impact the lives of my readers and Indiana bankruptcy clients.

I've got all my colleagues and friends into the project as well.  One of the Columbus bankruptcy lawyers who works in the Mark Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices brought a recent court case to my attention that is a really "big deal". As a debt consolidation lawyer offering bankruptcy services in Indiana, I can already name quite a number of people for whom this decision two weeks ago is going to make a huge difference.

According to Inside Indiana Business, the 3rd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals has ruled that Visteon Corporation cannot terminate health and life insurance benefits for its 2,100 retirees in Indiana. This decision overturns rulings in lower courts.  This new ruling affects retirees from the two former Visteon manufacturing plants in Connersville and in Bedford (these places are served by the Zuckerberg bankruptcy law offices in Bloomington and in Columbus, Indiana.)

By way of background, so you'll better understand the decision, Visteon filed bankruptcy, and, as part of that bankruptcy plan, decided to end the retiree insurance benefits. The judges in the higher court ruled unanimously that Visteon acted illegally, because the bankruptcy code has important protections for retirees, and that those protections had not been honored, because the unions had not been given adequate chance to negotiate a way to preserve at least some of the benefits. 

I've been a bankruptcy lawyer in Indiana for many, many years, and have often written here in Bankruptcy in Indiana about the fact that bankruptcy law is very careful to preserve both retirement plan savings (by making those savings exempt from creditors' claims) and by protecting retirement pension benefits themselves by not allowing that income - or Social Security income - to be garnished.

Over the years I've handled tens of thousands of individual bankruptcies in Indiana, plus thousands of small business bankruptcy Indiana cases.  One sad trend I've noticed is that more of the people coming to see me for Indiana bankruptcy help are older, meaning in their fifties all the up through the seventies. Don't get me wrong - there are still a lot of single moms in their twenties and thirties, lots of couples and individuals in their forties, but it's still noticeable that people who thought they were "on track" for a secure retirement are coming to see me because their plans are "off track". 

What all the good bankruptcy attorneys in Indiana who are my colleagues are seeing now is that all the hard work and the big plans were derailed when these clients lost their job, or when someone got sick in the family and lost the insurance.  And now, imagine people who actually reached retirement, were promised certain benefits, and Boom! Those benefits are taken away suddenly with the bankruptcy of their former employer.

The Visteon case isn't over - there will be arguments, and appeals, and negotiations.  Meanwhile, I just keep talking to people whose plans got derailed through combinations of factors beyond their control. What I do is listen and talk and explain. Not always, but often nowadays, it takes the bankruptcy safety net to get retirement plans back on trac!